Cover Pages
2023
Nanoscale
Mc Hugh J, Makarchuk S, Mozheiko D, Fernandez-Villegas A, Kaminski Schierle GS, Kaminski CF, Keyser UF, Holcman D, Rouach N.Diversity of dynamic voltage patterns in neuronal dendrites revealed by nanopipette electrophysiology, Nanoscale. 2023 Jul 17. doi : 10.1039/d2nr03475a.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.1039/D2NR03475A
2022
Cell Reports Methods
All content is freely available to readers and supported through open access
On the cover : Computational methods to extract the information of the numerous single-particle trajectories (SPTs) are currently limited. In this issue, Parutto et al. present fast algorithms, available as an ImageJ plugin, for automated analysis of SPTs, providing insights on subcellular organization of organelles in the range of tens to hundreds of nanometers that have been previously inaccessible. The cover image shows the workflow of this analysis pipeline reconstructing the endoplasmic reticulum network of a COS7 cell from lysosome trajectories generated by TIRF microcopy.
The European Physical Journal B
[1]https://epjb.epj.org/component/toc/...
2021 Plos Computational Biology
The mechanism underlying the emergence of a stable alpha band(8-12Hz) oscillation during general anesthesia is still unclear but could result from the network interactions between various brain regions. These regions can generate membrane transition patterns between Up and Dow states. Zonca and Holcman examined the influence of synaptic short-term plasticity on the development of stable oscillations between excitatory and inhibitory neurons using neuronal network models. They report that the alpha-band, emerges spontaneously after excitatory stimuli are shut off. However, fragmentation of the alpha band may result from transitions from Up to Down state or from reducing the synaptic random activity.
2020 Trends in Neuroscience
Synaptic transmission and plasticity are shaped by the dynamic reorganization of signaling molecules within pre- and postsynaptic compartments. The nanoscale organization of key effector molecules has been revealed by single-particle trajectory (SPT) methods. Interestingly, this nanoscale organization is highly heterogeneous. For example, presynaptic voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) and postsynaptic ligand-gated ion channels such as AMPA receptors (AMPARs) are organized into so-called nanodomains where individual molecules are only transiently trapped. These pre- and postsynaptic nanodomains are characterized by a high density of molecules but differ in their molecular organization and stability within the synaptic membrane. We review the main properties of these nanodomains, as well as the methods developed to extract parameters from SPT experiments. We discuss how such molecular dynamics influences synaptic transmission. The nanoscale organization of active synapses opens new insights into the dynamics and turnover of molecules as well as casting light on their contributions to signal transfer between individual neurons.
2014 Natrure Neuroscience Invasion of Astrocyte
Astrocytes play active roles in brain physiology by dynamic interactions with neurons. Connexin 30, one of the two main astroglial gap-junction subunits, is thought to be involved in behavioral and basic cognitive processes. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms are unknown. We show here in mice that connexin 30 controls hippocampal excitatory synaptic transmission through modulation of astroglial glutamate transport, which directly alters synaptic glutamate levels. Unexpectedly, we found that connexin 30 regulated cell adhesion and migration and that connexin 30 modulation of glutamate transport, occurring independently of its channel function, was mediated by morphological changes controlling insertion of astroglial processes into synaptic clefts. By setting excitatory synaptic strength, connexin 30 plays an important role in long-term synaptic plasticity and in hippocampus-based contextual memory. Taken together, these results establish connexin 30 as a critical regulator of synaptic strength by controlling the synaptic location of astroglial processes.
[1] Extreme Value Statistics and Search in Biology : Theory and Simulations